ACT英语考试两大思想：简接性原则和审题的重要性
原文作者 ACT俱乐部 | 发布时间 2016-01-11 | 浏览次数 5286
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ACT英语需要学生结合段落意思，针对划线部分选出最合适的选项。考点主要分为标点符号、语法词性和修辞三类。这三类考点相信每个合格的文法老师都会在课堂上带着学生逐一攻破，在这里就不多说了。今天ACT俱乐部为大家解析英语考试中最重要的两大思想：简洁性原则和审题的重要性。这些几乎涵盖了15%的ACT英语考试题。今天就以下面这套卷子当中的相关考题讲解这两大思想在ACT英语学科中的应用。
1.简洁性原则(effectiveness)
看过周星驰“大话西游”的同学们应该都对里面唐僧的说话风格有印象。最开始的时候说话非常啰嗦，同样的意思翻来覆去说，后期说话言简意赅。
ACT英语考查标准书面语，表达同样意思时，需要简单清楚明了的风格，也就是“大话西游”中唐僧后期的风格。我们举例具体说明一下：
That’s a crucial part of the preparation to get ready for morel hunting, because often the same woods that yield morels produce poisonous mushrooms, too.
F. No change
G. to make oneself fit
H. of someone planning to be ready
J. DELETE the underlined portion.
解题思路：根据简洁性原则，preparation一词就已经体现了划线部分to get ready的意思，G选项“使某人自己适合”和H选项“某人准备就绪”和preparation的意思也是重复的，所以划线部分可以删掉。选J。
In the fall, as daylight and temperatures decrease, migrating monarchs begin their long journey south, an extended flight.
F. No change
G. south, which is far-reaching.
H. south
I. south, which encompasses many miles.
解题思路：仔细看划线部分an extended flight就是long的意思，然后看其它选项。G，which is far-reaching(很远的)和I选项 which encompasses many miles“要走很多英里”其实都是远的意思，都与long的意思重复了，所以选H即可。
Yo-yo technology really progressed substantially by making a leap forward in the 1970s when designers added weighted rims so the toy would spin for a longer time.
A. No change
B. advanced as a result of progressively making
C. jumped ahead and made
D. made
解题思路：如果学生知道make a leap forward的词组就最好，直接选D。如果不会的话我们可以通过简洁性原则做出来。leap forward是向前飞跃，和划线部分意思重复。B、C选项的意思也和leap forward意思重复，所以选D即可。
2.仔细审题
有一些题干比较长的题目，学生通过仔细审题就很容易做出来。
I’m not talking about imaginary creatures but about deliciously real morel mushrooms--funny-looking, textured, edible fungi that appear in springtime.
Given that all the choices are true, which one most specifically describes the appearance of a morel mushroom for readers who have never seen one?
A. No change
B. earthy, oddly amusing, interesting-looking
C. odorless and unusually shaped
D. sand-colored, cone-shaped, spongelike
解题思路：题目中要求找到具体描述morel mushrooms的外貌特征的表达，所以就看哪个选项是具体描述蘑菇外貌特征的。A选项说看起来很有趣，有纹路的，可以吃的菌菇。虽然funny-looking和textured也是描述菌菇的样子，但是表达比较抽象，不够具体，且edible和外貌无关。B选项意思是朴素的，看起来有趣的意思，对菌菇样子描述不具体，C选项意思是无气味，形状不规则的，描述也不够具体。D选项是沙子颜色，圆锥形，看起来像海绵的，看到描述，菌菇的样子简直跃然纸上非常具体，所以选D。
Mostly, finding morels requires two things in particular.
Given that all the choices are true, which one provides the most specific information?
A. No change
B. demonstrating two skills
C. patience and concentration
D. expertise in this hobby
解题思路：题目要求选择一个表达意思最具体的，那么四个选项相比较，A 特别是两个方面，不具体排除，B two skills不具体，排除，C最具体，D这个爱好的专业知识，也是不具体，所以就选C。
While many cultures had their variations of the yo-yo, the American version can be traced to the Philippines, where yo-yos have been a national pastime for centuries.
Given that all the choices are true, which one provides the most effective evidence of the long history of enthusiasm for the yo-yo in the Philippines?
F. No change
G. have been a popular hobby for years
H. were carved out of fine wood or animal horns.
J. resembled a toy that was popular in ancient China.
解题思路：找到能够清楚证明对于yo-yo有长期热情(long history of enthusiasm)的表达。
F. have been a national pastime(全国人民的消遣活动，可以体现出热情)for centuries(很多个世纪)可以体现出长期，所以F正确。G选项：很多年来都是流行的爱好，for years 不像for centuries这样能够体现long history，排除。H由好的木头或者动物号角做成，不对应题目要求的long history of enthusiasm.最后一个选项：像一种在古代中国流行的玩具，也不能体现long history of enthusiasm,排除。
类似的例子还有很多，同学们需要在做题的时候多加注意，把简洁性和仔细看题干的两大做题原则运用到练习和考试中。
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